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Biomeccanica del Movimento
MOVEMENT BIOMECHANICS
Sandro Fioretti

Seat Ingegneria
A.A. 2016/2017
Credits 9
Hours 72
Period I
Language ENG

Prerequisites
Notions of the characterizing courses of the first and second year

Learning outcomes
KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING:
The course aims at giving the main concepts for the modelling of human motor system and the main methods and techniques for the analysis of human movement
CAPACITY TO APPLY KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING:
At the end of this course, mandatory for the Biomedical Engineering sector, the student will know how to apply the knowledge of the biomechanics of human movement for the measurement and simulation of motor acts in the medical and sports fields. This knowledge is acquired through lectures and exercises.
TRANSVERSAL SKILLS:
The course will allow the students to: develop capacity of synthesis necessary to integrate concepts given in the course with the mathematical/technical/ anatomical concepts of previous courses; ameliorate technical and biomedical terminology

Program
Preliminary notions about modeling of the neuro-musculoskeletal system. Elements of kinematics of rigid bodies; the problem of 3D kinematic transformations; angular conventions. instantaneous kinematic: Angular velocity, IHA, pivot point Joint kinematics: Relative motion between two articulated rigid bodies; characterization of its kinematics by roto-translation axis for rigid displacements of finite amplitude; the choice of the joint axes; proposals for standardizing the definition of Anatomical Reference Systems and of Joint Axes; effects of various error sources on joint kinematics; Examples of movement analysis protocols used in clinics. Analytic Stereophotogrammetry: Direct Linear Transformation; calibration and intersection problems; model of a pinhole camera: use of homogeneous coordinates; the correspondence problem in stereo vision; epipolar constraint; fundamental and essential matrices. Digital signal processing: sampling theorem, aliasing, Butterworth filter, polynomial filter of Lanshammar, Smoothing Splines. Method for estimating simultaneously the optimum cut-off frequency and the variance of the observation noise Inverse dynamics problem

Development of the examination
LEARNING EVALUATION METHODS
The assessment of student learning consists of two parts: - A written test, consisting in the solution of two or three exercises on topics covered in the course, to be completed in 90 or 120 minutes, depending on the type of exercise; - An oral, consisting in the discussion on one or more topics covered in the course. The written test is in preparation for the oral exam, access to which the student must have obtained at least a pass in the written test. The oral examination must be supported in the same appeal of the written test. In case of failure of the oral exam, the student must also repeat the written test.

LEARNING EVALUATION CRITERIA
To successfully pass the examination, the student must demonstrate, through the tests described, to have fully understood the concepts presented in the course and must demonstrate that he/she has very clear notions of mathematics and physics applied to experimental data typical of human movement

LEARNING MEASUREMENT CRITERIA
For each of the tests specified before it is assigned a score between zero and thirty. The overall grade, is the average of the scores obtained in the two tests, with rounding to the entire excess.

FINAL MARK ALLOCATION CRITERIA
Because the overall outcome of the evaluation is positive, the student must achieve at least the sufficiency, equal to 18/30, in each of the tests described above. The highest rating is achieved by demonstrating a thorough understanding of the course content in the tests. Laudem is given to students who, having done all the tests so correctly, have demonstrated a particular brilliance in the exposition and in the preparation of written test.

Recommended reading
Cappello A., Cappozzo A., di Prampero P.E.: Bioingegneria della Postura e del Movimento, Pàtron editore, 2003. Allard P., Cappozzo A., Lundberg A., Vaughan C.L. : Three-dimensional Analysis of Human Locomotion, Wiley, Chichester, England, 1997. Fioretti S.: Lesson notes

Courses

• Ingegneria Biomedica (Corso di Laurea Triennale (DM 270/04))